Slope
Rise/Run = Δy/Δx; slope = rate of change
Area Under Curve
Represents accumulated quantity (distance, work, impulse)
Linear (y = mx + b)
Straight line, constant slope
Exponential
Curves up (growth) or down (decay); ln plot → straight line
Inverse
Hyperbola shape; xy = constant
Logarithmic
Rises quickly then levels off; log plot → straight line